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Dialysis Nursing Skills Test
1. A nephron is made up of:
A glomerulus and a tubule The nephrons and a capsule The loop of Henle and the capillary ball The bladder and the ureter
2. A unit of the kidney, or the structure in the kidney that does the work, is the:
Medulla Cortez Calyx Nephron
3. Diffusion is movement of particles
By filtration through a biocompatible membrane From an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration Into a vacuum created when fluids are forced through a membrane Into a space created by solutions moving in countercurrent flow.
4. During dialysis, ultra-filtration occurs when:
Water is removed from blood because there is a pressure gradient between blood and dialysate Phosphorus is removal from blood because dialysate is low on phosphorus. A higher concentration of sodium causes water to move from body compartments into the dialysate A suction device is applied to the venous trap and the Harvard Clamp is applied to the arterial side of the blood set
5. Name the two compartments of the dialyzer:
Conventional and high flux Convection and adsorption Blood and dialysate Hollow fiber and flat plate
6. Muscle cramps are primarily caused by the shifting concentrations of this ion during hemodialysis:
Phosphorus Potassium Manesium Sodium
7. According to AAMI standards, the total microbial count of dialysate shall not exceed:
1000/CFU/mL 2000/CFU/mL 3000/CFU/mL 4000/CFU/mL
8. Chloramine exposure in hemodialysis may cause:
Bleeding Hypernatremia Hemolysis Pericarditis
9. Poor blood flow during dialysis in patients with catheters is NOT due to which of the following factors?
A blood clot An aneurysm Poor placement of the catheter within the blood vessel A fibrin sheath that has formed around the catheter
10. Which statement is NOT true about recirculation?
Recirculation reduces dialysis efficiency Recirculation can be caused when dialysis needles are placed too close together or are reversed. Recirculation can be used when dialysis needles are placed too close together or are reversed Stenois or obstructions in the access can cause recirculation
11. A client recently started on hemodialysis wants to know how the dialysis will take the place of his kidneys. The nurse's response is based on the knowledge that hemodialysis works by:
Passing water through a dialyzing membrane Eliminating plasma proteins from the blood Lowering the pH by removing nonvolatile acids Filtering waste through a dialyzing membrane
12. Increased serum calcium levels in an immobile patient are most likely the result of:
bone demineralization disruption of normal kidney function decreased intake of vitamin D increased intake of milk and milk products
13. Which chemical is released during an inflammatory response?
histamine dopamine antihistamine chemotaxis
14. What is the best source of patient history information?
patient's medical record patient's family patient himself patient's physician
15. The purpose of a directive interview is intended to:
get answers to a specific set of questions. determine the underlying cause of the present illness. assist the patient to get in touch with his inner feelings. obtain the patient's perspective regarding his symptoms and his present illness.
16. Your 75 year old male patient begins to hyperventilate and experiences tachycardia after the doctor has been in to visit him. The most therapeutic intervention you could initiate would be to:
notify the physician and ask for an order for a sedative. promote a diversional activity to help him to redirect the focus of his attention. offer to call a family member or his pastor. talk with him and encourage him to express his feelings.
17. Which type of soak would you expect to put on an open, draining wound?
hot, dry cool, dry warm, moist cool, moist
18. Your patient is being discharged with a prescription for a sedative. What information should you include in your discharge instructions?
only take the medication if all other coping measures have failed sedatives can be addictive and should be discontinued as soon as possible if drowsiness occurs, the physician should be notified do not drink alcohol
19. Which of the following would be evidence of a systemic infection?
erythema localized edema pain at the site of infection increased body temperature
20. Which position is best for a comatose patient?
side-lying prone trendelenburg supine
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Dialysis Nursing Skills Test